MySQL: How to export and import a .sql file from command line?

I want to export and import a .sql file to and from a MySQL database from command line.

Is there any command to export .sql file in MySQL? Then how do I import it?

When doing the import, there may be constraints like enable/disable foreign key check or export only table structure.

Can we set those options with mysqldump?

 Answers

To export

If it's an entire DB, then:

$ mysqldump -u [uname] -p[pass] db_name > db_backup.sql

If it's all DBs, then:

$ mysqldump -u [uname] -p[pass] --all-databases > all_db_backup.sql

If it's specific tables within a DB, then:

$ mysqldump -u [uname] -p[pass] db_name table1 table2 > table_backup.sql

You can even go as far as auto-compressing the output using gzip (if your DB is very big):

$ mysqldump -u [uname] -p[pass] db_name | gzip > db_backup.sql.gz

If you want to do this remotely and you have the access to the server in question, then the following would work (presuming the MySQL server is on port 3306):

$ mysqldump -P 3306 -h [ip_address] -u [uname] -p[pass] db_name > db_backup.sql

To import

Type the following command to import sql data file:

$ mysql -u username -p -h localhost DATA-BASE-NAME < data.sql

In this example, import 'data.sql' file into 'blog' database using sat as username:

$ mysql -u sat -p -h localhost blog < data.sql

If you have a dedicated database server, replace localhost hostname with with actual server name or IP address as follows:

$ mysql -u username -p -h 202.54.1.10 databasename < data.sql

OR use hostname such as mysql.cyberciti.biz

$ mysql -u username -p -h mysql.cyberciti.biz database-name < data.sql

If you do not know the database name or database name is included in sql dump you can try out something as follows:

$ mysql -u username -p -h 202.54.1.10 < data.sql

Refer: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/mysqldump.html

If you want a GUI tool then you could probably use SQLyog

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If you're already running the SQL shell, you can use the source command to import data:

use databasename;
source data.sql;

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mysqldump will not dump database events, triggers and routines unless explicitly stated when dumping individual databases;

mysqldump -uuser -p db_name --events --triggers --routines > db_name.sql

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Well you can use below command to export,

mysqldump --database --user=root --password your_db_name > export_into_db.sql

and the generated file will be available in the same directory where you had ran this command.

Now login to mysql using command,

mysql -u[username] -p

then use "source" command with the file path.

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You can use this script to export or import any database from terminal given at this link: https://github.com/Ridhwanluthra/mysql_import_export_script/blob/master/mysql_import_export_script.sh

echo -e "Welcome to the import/export database utility\n"
echo -e "the default location of mysqldump file is: /opt/lampp/bin/mysqldump\n"
echo -e "the default location of mysql file is: /opt/lampp/bin/mysql\n"
read -p 'Would like you like to change the default location [y/n]: ' location_change
read -p "Please enter your username: " u_name
read -p 'Would you like to import or export a database: [import/export]: ' action
echo

mysqldump_location=/opt/lampp/bin/mysqldump
mysql_location=/opt/lampp/bin/mysql

if [ "$action" == "export" ]; then
    if [ "$location_change" == "y" ]; then
        read -p 'Give the location of mysqldump that you want to use: ' mysqldump_location
        echo
    else
        echo -e "Using default location of mysqldump\n"
    fi
    read -p 'Give the name of database in which you would like to export: ' db_name
    read -p 'Give the complete path of the .sql file in which you would like to export the database: ' sql_file
    $mysqldump_location -u $u_name -p $db_name > $sql_file
elif [ "$action" == "import" ]; then
    if [ "$location_change" == "y" ]; then
        read -p 'Give the location of mysql that you want to use: ' mysql_location
        echo
    else
        echo -e "Using default location of mysql\n"
    fi
    read -p 'Give the complete path of the .sql file you would like to import: ' sql_file
    read -p 'Give the name of database in which to import this file: ' db_name
    $mysql_location -u $u_name -p $db_name < $sql_file
else
    echo "please select a valid command"
fi