What is the file system hierarchy in LINUX?

The file system hierarchy is inverted tree file system hierarchy. This type of hierarchy represents all the files and file systems under the single directory called ‘/’.

The file systems present in the Linux operating system after installing the operating system are as follows:

/

It is called as a root directory. The entire filesystems reside under this directory.

/root

It is the root user’s home directory. It contains documents, downloads etc.,

/home

It is the home directory for the normal users. For example, there is a user called raj his home directory by default is /home/raj.

The normal user/s individual home directories are created under /home by default.

/boot

This directory contains bootable files. Like VMlinuZ ,initrd etc.

/etc

This directory contains the complete configuration files like passwd, shadow, hosts etc.,

/usr

This is the default directory for all the software installations.

/opt

This is the directory for the third party software.

/bin

This directory contains the commands used by all users. These commands are binary executable files

/sbin

This directory contains the commands used by the root user only. These commands are super user binary executable files.

/dev

This directory contains device files like partitions of thr hard disk

For example : /dev/sda

                         /dev/sdb

                         /dev/sda2

/proc

This directory consists of the process files. The files in the /proc directory will change regularly.

/var

This directory contains the emails, log files etc.

/mnt

This directory is used to mount the file system under the removable media ex:cd rom

/media

This directory contains media files like CD-ROM, pen drive etc.

/lib

This directory contains the library files used by the operating system.